四、強化科技創新驅動，引領現代農業加快發展
17.加(jia)(jia)強農(nong)(nong)(nong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)科(ke)技(ji)(ji)研(yan)(yan)發(fa)(fa)(fa)。適(shi)應農(nong)(nong)(nong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)轉方(fang)式調結構新(xin)(xin)要(yao)求，調整農(nong)(nong)(nong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)科(ke)技(ji)(ji)創(chuang)(chuang)新(xin)(xin)方(fang)向(xiang)和(he)(he)重(zhong)點。整合科(ke)技(ji)(ji)創(chuang)(chuang)新(xin)(xin)資源，完善(shan)國家(jia)農(nong)(nong)(nong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)科(ke)技(ji)(ji)創(chuang)(chuang)新(xin)(xin)體系(xi)和(he)(he)現代(dai)(dai)農(nong)(nong)(nong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)產(chan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)技(ji)(ji)術(shu)(shu)體系(xi)，建(jian)立一批現代(dai)(dai)農(nong)(nong)(nong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)產(chan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)科(ke)技(ji)(ji)創(chuang)(chuang)新(xin)(xin)中(zhong)心和(he)(he)農(nong)(nong)(nong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)科(ke)技(ji)(ji)創(chuang)(chuang)新(xin)(xin)聯盟，推進資源開放(fang)共(gong)享(xiang)與服務(wu)平臺基地(di)建(jian)設。加(jia)(jia)強農(nong)(nong)(nong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)科(ke)技(ji)(ji)基礎前沿研(yan)(yan)究，提升原始創(chuang)(chuang)新(xin)(xin)能力。建(jian)設國家(jia)農(nong)(nong)(nong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)高新(xin)(xin)技(ji)(ji)術(shu)(shu)產(chan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)開發(fa)(fa)(fa)區(qu)。加(jia)(jia)大(da)實施(shi)種業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)自主(zhu)創(chuang)(chuang)新(xin)(xin)重(zhong)大(da)工程和(he)(he)主(zhu)要(yao)農(nong)(nong)(nong)作(zuo)物(wu)良種聯合攻關力度，加(jia)(jia)快適(shi)宜機(ji)械化生產(chan)、優質高產(chan)多抗(kang)廣適(shi)新(xin)(xin)品種選(xuan)育。加(jia)(jia)強中(zhong)低產(chan)田改良、經濟作(zuo)物(wu)、草食畜牧業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)、海洋(yang)牧場(chang)、智(zhi)慧農(nong)(nong)(nong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)、農(nong)(nong)(nong)林產(chan)品精深加(jia)(jia)工、倉儲物(wu)流(liu)等(deng)科(ke)技(ji)(ji)研(yan)(yan)發(fa)(fa)(fa)。加(jia)(jia)快研(yan)(yan)發(fa)(fa)(fa)適(shi)宜丘陵山區(qu)、設施(shi)農(nong)(nong)(nong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)、畜禽水產(chan)養殖的農(nong)(nong)(nong)機(ji)裝(zhuang)備，提升農(nong)(nong)(nong)機(ji)核心零部件自主(zhu)研(yan)(yan)發(fa)(fa)(fa)能力。支持(chi)地(di)方(fang)開展特色(se)優勢產(chan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)技(ji)(ji)術(shu)(shu)研(yan)(yan)發(fa)(fa)(fa)。

18.強化(hua)農(nong)(nong)業(ye)(ye)科(ke)技推(tui)(tui)廣(guang)。創新公益性農(nong)(nong)技推(tui)(tui)廣(guang)服(fu)務方式，引(yin)入(ru)項目(mu)管理機制，推(tui)(tui)行政府購買(mai)服(fu)務，支持(chi)各類社(she)會(hui)力量廣(guang)泛(fan)參(can)與農(nong)(nong)業(ye)(ye)科(ke)技推(tui)(tui)廣(guang)。鼓勵地方建立農(nong)(nong)科(ke)教(jiao)產(chan)學(xue)研(yan)一體化(hua)農(nong)(nong)業(ye)(ye)技術推(tui)(tui)廣(guang)聯盟，支持(chi)農(nong)(nong)技推(tui)(tui)廣(guang)人員與家庭農(nong)(nong)場、農(nong)(nong)民(min)合作社(she)、龍(long)頭企業(ye)(ye)開(kai)展(zhan)技術合作。深(shen)入(ru)推(tui)(tui)進(jin)(jin)綠色高(gao)(gao)產(chan)高(gao)(gao)效(xiao)創建，重點推(tui)(tui)廣(guang)優質專(zhuan)用品種和(he)節(jie)本降耗、循環利用技術模式。實施智慧(hui)農(nong)(nong)業(ye)(ye)工程，推(tui)(tui)進(jin)(jin)農(nong)(nong)業(ye)(ye)物(wu)聯網試驗示范和(he)農(nong)(nong)業(ye)(ye)裝(zhuang)備智能化(hua)。發展(zhan)智慧(hui)氣象，提高(gao)(gao)氣象災害監測預報(bao)預警水平。深(shen)入(ru)推(tui)(tui)行科(ke)技特派員制度，打造一批“星(xing)創天地”。加強農(nong)(nong)村(cun)科(ke)普公共服(fu)務建設(she)。

19.完善農(nong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)科(ke)(ke)技(ji)(ji)創(chuang)新(xin)激勵機制。加(jia)快落(luo)實科(ke)(ke)技(ji)(ji)成果(guo)轉(zhuan)化收益(yi)、科(ke)(ke)技(ji)(ji)人(ren)員兼職取酬等制度規(gui)定。通過(guo)“后(hou)補助(zhu)”等方式(shi)支持農(nong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)科(ke)(ke)技(ji)(ji)創(chuang)新(xin)。實施(shi)農(nong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)科(ke)(ke)研(yan)杰出(chu)人(ren)才培養計劃，深入推進科(ke)(ke)研(yan)成果(guo)權益(yi)改革試(shi)點。發展(zhan)面向市(shi)場的新(xin)型農(nong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)技(ji)(ji)術(shu)研(yan)發、成果(guo)轉(zhuan)化和(he)產業(ye)(ye)(ye)孵(fu)化機構。完善符(fu)合農(nong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)科(ke)(ke)技(ji)(ji)創(chuang)新(xin)規(gui)律的基(ji)礎(chu)研(yan)究支持方式(shi)，建立(li)差(cha)別化農(nong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)科(ke)(ke)技(ji)(ji)評(ping)價制度。加(jia)強(qiang)農(nong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)知識產權保護和(he)運用。

20.提升(sheng)農業(ye)科(ke)(ke)技(ji)(ji)園區建設水(shui)平。科(ke)(ke)學制定園區規劃，突出科(ke)(ke)技(ji)(ji)創新(xin)、研(yan)發(fa)應用(yong)、試驗示范、科(ke)(ke)技(ji)(ji)服務與培訓(xun)等功能，建設農業(ye)科(ke)(ke)技(ji)(ji)成果轉化(hua)中心、科(ke)(ke)技(ji)(ji)人員創業(ye)平臺(tai)、高新(xin)技(ji)(ji)術產業(ye)孵(fu)化(hua)基地(di)，打造現代農業(ye)創新(xin)高地(di)。支持園區產學研(yan)合作建立各類研(yan)發(fa)機(ji)構(gou)(gou)、測試檢(jian)測中心、院(yuan)士專家工(gong)作站、技(ji)(ji)術交易(yi)機(ji)構(gou)(gou)等科(ke)(ke)研(yan)和(he)服務平臺(tai)。支持園區企業(ye)和(he)科(ke)(ke)研(yan)機(ji)構(gou)(gou)結合區域實際，開展特色優勢(shi)產業(ye)關鍵共(gong)性技(ji)(ji)術研(yan)發(fa)和(he)推廣(guang)。完善國家農業(ye)科(ke)(ke)技(ji)(ji)園區管理辦法和(he)監(jian)測評價機(ji)制。

21.開發農(nong)(nong)村人(ren)(ren)力資源。重點圍(wei)繞新型(xing)職(zhi)業(ye)(ye)農(nong)(nong)民(min)(min)培育、農(nong)(nong)民(min)(min)工職(zhi)業(ye)(ye)技(ji)能(neng)(neng)提升，整合各渠道培訓(xun)資金資源，建(jian)立政府主導、部門(men)協作、統籌安排、產業(ye)(ye)帶動(dong)的(de)培訓(xun)機制。探索(suo)政府購買服(fu)務等(deng)(deng)辦法，發揮企業(ye)(ye)培訓(xun)主體作用(yong)，提高農(nong)(nong)民(min)(min)工技(ji)能(neng)(neng)培訓(xun)針對性和實效性。優化農(nong)(nong)業(ye)(ye)從業(ye)(ye)者結構，深(shen)入推(tui)進現(xian)代青(qing)年農(nong)(nong)場主、林(lin)場主培養(yang)計(ji)劃(hua)和新型(xing)農(nong)(nong)業(ye)(ye)經營(ying)主體帶頭(tou)人(ren)(ren)輪訓(xun)計(ji)劃(hua)，探索(suo)培育農(nong)(nong)業(ye)(ye)職(zhi)業(ye)(ye)經理(li)人(ren)(ren)，培養(yang)適應現(xian)代農(nong)(nong)業(ye)(ye)發展需(xu)要(yao)的(de)新農(nong)(nong)民(min)(min)。鼓勵(li)高等(deng)(deng)學校、職(zhi)業(ye)(ye)院校開設(she)(she)鄉(xiang)村規劃(hua)建(jian)設(she)(she)、鄉(xiang)村住宅設(she)(she)計(ji)等(deng)(deng)相關專(zhuan)業(ye)(ye)和課(ke)程，培養(yang)一批專(zhuan)業(ye)(ye)人(ren)(ren)才，扶持一批鄉(xiang)村工匠。

五、補齊農業農村短板，夯實農村共享發展基礎
22.持(chi)續加強(qiang)農(nong)田(tian)基本建(jian)設。深入實(shi)施(shi)藏糧(liang)于地(di)、藏糧(liang)于技(ji)戰略，嚴守耕(geng)地(di)紅線，保護(hu)優化糧(liang)食產(chan)能。全面落實(shi)永久基本農(nong)田(tian)特殊保護(hu)政策措施(shi)，實(shi)施(shi)耕(geng)地(di)質量保護(hu)和(he)(he)提(ti)升行動，持(chi)續推(tui)進(jin)(jin)中低產(chan)田(tian)改造。加快高(gao)標(biao)(biao)準農(nong)田(tian)建(jian)設，提(ti)高(gao)建(jian)設質量。有(you)(you)條(tiao)件的(de)地(di)區可以將曬場、烘干、機(ji)(ji)具庫棚、有(you)(you)機(ji)(ji)肥積造等(deng)配套設施(shi)納入高(gao)標(biao)(biao)準農(nong)田(tian)建(jian)設范(fan)圍。引導(dao)金融機(ji)(ji)構(gou)對高(gao)標(biao)(biao)準農(nong)田(tian)建(jian)設提(ti)供(gong)信貸支持(chi)。允許通過土地(di)整(zheng)治(zhi)增(zeng)加的(de)耕(geng)地(di)作為占(zhan)補平衡補充耕(geng)地(di)的(de)指標(biao)(biao)在省(sheng)域內調(diao)(diao)劑(ji)，按(an)規定(ding)或(huo)合同(tong)約定(ding)取得指標(biao)(biao)調(diao)(diao)劑(ji)收益。推(tui)進(jin)(jin)重大水(shui)利工(gong)程(cheng)建(jian)設，抓緊修復水(shui)毀災(zai)損農(nong)業設施(shi)和(he)(he)水(shui)利工(gong)程(cheng)，加強(qiang)水(shui)利薄弱(ruo)環節和(he)(he)“五小水(shui)利”工(gong)程(cheng)建(jian)設。因地(di)制宜推(tui)進(jin)(jin)平原(yuan)地(di)區農(nong)村機(ji)(ji)井油改電。

23.深(shen)入開(kai)展(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)農(nong)(nong)(nong)村(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)人居環(huan)(huan)境(jing)(jing)治(zhi)(zhi)理(li)和(he)(he)(he)美麗(li)宜(yi)居鄉(xiang)村(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)建(jian)(jian)設(she)。推(tui)進農(nong)(nong)(nong)村(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)生活垃(la)圾(ji)治(zhi)(zhi)理(li)專項行(xing)動，促進垃(la)圾(ji)分(fen)類和(he)(he)(he)資(zi)源化(hua)利用，選(xuan)擇適宜(yi)模式開(kai)展(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)農(nong)(nong)(nong)村(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)生活污水(shui)(shui)治(zhi)(zhi)理(li)，加(jia)大力度支(zhi)持(chi)農(nong)(nong)(nong)村(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)環(huan)(huan)境(jing)(jing)集中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)連片綜合治(zhi)(zhi)理(li)和(he)(he)(he)改廁。開(kai)展(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)城(cheng)鄉(xiang)垃(la)圾(ji)亂排亂放集中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)排查整治(zhi)(zhi)行(xing)動。實施農(nong)(nong)(nong)村(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)新能源行(xing)動，推(tui)進光伏發電(dian)(dian)，逐(zhu)步擴(kuo)大農(nong)(nong)(nong)村(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)電(dian)(dian)力、燃氣和(he)(he)(he)清潔型煤供(gong)給(gei)。加(jia)快(kuai)修訂村(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)莊和(he)(he)(he)集鎮規劃建(jian)(jian)設(she)管(guan)理(li)條例，大力推(tui)進縣(xian)域(yu)鄉(xiang)村(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)建(jian)(jian)設(she)規劃編制工作(zuo)。推(tui)動建(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)設(she)計下鄉(xiang)，開(kai)展(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)田園(yuan)建(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)示范。深(shen)入開(kai)展(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)建(jian)(jian)好、管(guan)好、護好、運營好農(nong)(nong)(nong)村(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)公路(lu)工作(zuo)，深(shen)化(hua)農(nong)(nong)(nong)村(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)公路(lu)管(guan)養(yang)體制改革，積(ji)極(ji)推(tui)進城(cheng)鄉(xiang)交通(tong)運輸一體化(hua)。實施農(nong)(nong)(nong)村(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)飲水(shui)(shui)安(an)全(quan)鞏固提升(sheng)工程和(he)(he)(he)新一輪農(nong)(nong)(nong)村(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)電(dian)(dian)網(wang)改造升(sheng)級工程。完善(shan)農(nong)(nong)(nong)村(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)危房改造政策，提高補助標準，集中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)支(zhi)持(chi)建(jian)(jian)檔立(li)卡(ka)貧(pin)(pin)困戶、低保戶、分(fen)散供(gong)養(yang)特困人員和(he)(he)(he)貧(pin)(pin)困殘疾人家庭等重(zhong)點對象。開(kai)展(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)農(nong)(nong)(nong)村(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)地(di)區(qu)枯井(jing)、河塘、飲用水(shui)(shui)、自(zi)建(jian)(jian)房、客(ke)運和(he)(he)(he)校車等方面安(an)全(quan)隱(yin)患(huan)排查治(zhi)(zhi)理(li)工作(zuo)。推(tui)進光纖到村(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)建(jian)(jian)設(she)，加(jia)快(kuai)實現4G網(wang)絡農(nong)(nong)(nong)村(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)全(quan)覆蓋。推(tui)進建(jian)(jian)制村(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)直接(jie)通(tong)郵。開(kai)展(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)農(nong)(nong)(nong)村(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)人居環(huan)(huan)境(jing)(jing)和(he)(he)(he)美麗(li)宜(yi)居鄉(xiang)村(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)示范創建(jian)(jian)。加(jia)強農(nong)(nong)(nong)村(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)公共(gong)文(wen)化(hua)服務體系建(jian)(jian)設(she)，統籌(chou)實施重(zhong)點文(wen)化(hua)惠民項目，完善(shan)基層(ceng)綜合性文(wen)化(hua)服務設(she)施，在(zai)農(nong)(nong)(nong)村(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)地(di)區(qu)深(shen)入開(kai)展(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)送地(di)方戲(xi)活動。支(zhi)持(chi)重(zhong)要(yao)農(nong)(nong)(nong)業文(wen)化(hua)遺產保護。

24.提(ti)(ti)升(sheng)農(nong)村(cun)(cun)(cun)基(ji)本公共服務水平(ping)。全(quan)面落實(shi)城鄉統(tong)一、重在農(nong)村(cun)(cun)(cun)的義務教育經(jing)費保(bao)障(zhang)(zhang)機制，加(jia)(jia)強(qiang)鄉村(cun)(cun)(cun)教師隊(dui)伍(wu)建(jian)設。繼(ji)續(xu)提(ti)(ti)高城鄉居民(min)(min)基(ji)本醫療保(bao)險籌資水平(ping)，加(jia)(jia)快推(tui)進城鄉居民(min)(min)醫保(bao)制度(du)整合(he)，推(tui)進基(ji)本醫保(bao)全(quan)國聯網(wang)和異地就醫結算。加(jia)(jia)強(qiang)農(nong)村(cun)(cun)(cun)基(ji)層衛(wei)生人才培(pei)養。完善(shan)農(nong)村(cun)(cun)(cun)低(di)(di)保(bao)對象認定(ding)辦(ban)法(fa)，科學(xue)合(he)理確定(ding)農(nong)村(cun)(cun)(cun)低(di)(di)保(bao)標準。扎實(shi)推(tui)進農(nong)村(cun)(cun)(cun)低(di)(di)保(bao)制度(du)與(yu)扶貧開發政策(ce)有(you)效銜接，做好(hao)農(nong)村(cun)(cun)(cun)低(di)(di)保(bao)兜(dou)底工作(zuo)。完善(shan)城鄉居民(min)(min)養老(lao)保(bao)險籌資和保(bao)障(zhang)(zhang)機制。健全(quan)農(nong)村(cun)(cun)(cun)留守兒(er)童(tong)和婦女、老(lao)人、殘疾人關愛服務體系。

25.扎(zha)實(shi)(shi)推進脫(tuo)(tuo)(tuo)貧(pin)(pin)攻堅。進一步(bu)推進精(jing)準扶(fu)貧(pin)(pin)各項政策措施落地生根，確(que)保2017年(nian)再(zai)脫(tuo)(tuo)(tuo)貧(pin)(pin)1000萬人以(yi)上。深入推進重(zhong)大扶(fu)貧(pin)(pin)工(gong)程(cheng)，強化脫(tuo)(tuo)(tuo)貧(pin)(pin)攻堅支撐(cheng)保障體(ti)系，統籌安(an)排使(shi)用扶(fu)貧(pin)(pin)資源，注重(zhong)提(ti)高(gao)脫(tuo)(tuo)(tuo)貧(pin)(pin)質(zhi)量，激發貧(pin)(pin)困人口(kou)脫(tuo)(tuo)(tuo)貧(pin)(pin)致(zhi)富積極性主動性，建(jian)立(li)健全穩定脫(tuo)(tuo)(tuo)貧(pin)(pin)長(chang)效機制(zhi)(zhi)。加(jia)(jia)強扶(fu)貧(pin)(pin)資金監督管理，在所有貧(pin)(pin)困縣開展涉農(nong)資金整合。嚴格執行脫(tuo)(tuo)(tuo)貧(pin)(pin)攻堅考核監督和(he)督查巡查等制(zhi)(zhi)度，全面落實(shi)(shi)責(ze)任(ren)。堅決制(zhi)(zhi)止扶(fu)貧(pin)(pin)工(gong)作(zuo)(zuo)中的形式(shi)主義做(zuo)法，不(bu)搞層層加(jia)(jia)碼，嚴禁弄(nong)虛作(zuo)(zuo)假，務求(qiu)脫(tuo)(tuo)(tuo)貧(pin)(pin)攻堅取得實(shi)(shi)效。